Monsieur Tristan VEY, journaliste scientifique au Figaro publiait ce matin un article curieux que vous pourrez retrouver partiellement grâce à ce lien. Je me permets de lui faire ici quelques humbles observations. Je sais, c'est long, mais la vérité mérite qu'on y travaille.
Par ailleurs, le commentaire que fait le site dont je donne lien ci-dessous, sur l’étude « analysée » par Tristan VEY vaut son pesant de moutarde. Vous y verrez que l’hydroxychloroquine n’a aucun effet intéressant mais que le remdesivir de Gilead va être autorisé pour traiter la Covid-19 (voir la conclusion que j’ai laissée en anglais immédiatement après le lien).
"There are no FDA-approved treatments for Covid-19 and U.S. health officials say a vaccine will take 12 to 18 months at the earliest.
Last week, the FDA granted emergency use authorization for Gilead Sciences’ antiviral drug remdesivir to treat Covid-19. The move came after the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases released results from its study showing Covid-19 patients who took remdesivir usually recovered after 11 days, four days faster than those who didn’t take the drug."
Alors je vais mettre les pieds dans le plat et dénoncer, sinon une malhonnêteté intellectuelle (je ne me permettrais pas), du moins une analyse qui est fausse de A à Z.
En tout premier lieu, sous le chapeau « Décryptage », monsieur VEY donne à penser que l’étude porte sur des patients traités pour lupus ou arthrite rhumatoïde et qui ne seraient pas protégés de l’infection contre le SARS-Cov-2. Il n’en est est strictement rien, comme je vais le montrer. En second lieu, quand on est journaliste, on donne ses sources. Dans l’article, hormis le nom du journal où l’étude a été publiée, et la date de parution, il n’y a aucune référence, et bien entendu, le titre de l’article en cause n’est pas mentionné. Alors j’ai cherché. Et j’ai trouvé car je suis têtu :
Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
Joshua Geleris, M.D., Yifei Sun, Ph.D., Jonathan Platt, Ph.D., Jason Zucker, M.D., Matthew Baldwin, M.D., George Hripcsak, M.D., Angelena Labella, M.D., Daniel Manson, M.D., Christine Kubin, Pharm.D., R. Graham Barr, M.D., Dr.P.H., Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, M.D., M.P.H., and Neil W. Schluger, M.D.
Voici le résumé de cet article, que je donne en anglais.
BACKGROUND
Hydroxychloroquine has been widely administered to patients with Covid-19 without robust evidence supporting its use.
METHODS
We examined the association between hydroxychloroquine use and intubation or death at a large medical center in New York City. Data were obtained regarding consecutive patients hospitalized with Covid-19, excluding those who were intubated, died, or discharged within 24 hours after presentation to the emergency department (study baseline). The primary end point was a composite of intubation or death in a time-to-event analysis. We compared outcomes in patients who received hydroxychloroquine with those in patients who did not, using a multivariable Cox model with inverse probability weighting according to the propensity score.
RESULTS
Of 1446 consecutive patients, 70 patients were intubated, died, or discharged within 24 hours after presentation and were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 1376 patients, during a median follow-up of 22.5 days, 811 (58.9%) received hydroxychloroquine (600 mg twice on day 1, then 400 mg daily for a median of 5 days); 45.8% of the patients were treated within 24 hours after presentation to the emergency department, and 85.9% within 48 hours. Hydroxychloroquine-treated patients were more severely ill at baseline than those who did not receive hydroxychloroquine (median ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen, 223 vs. 360). Overall, 346 patients (25.1%) had a primary end-point event (180 patients were intubated, of whom 66 subsequently died, and 166 died without intubation). In the main analysis, there was no significant association between hydroxychloroquine use and intubation or death (hazard ratio, 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.32). Results were similar in multiple sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
In this observational study involving patients with Covid-19 who had been admitted to the hospital, hydroxychloroquine administration was not associated with either a greatly lowered or an increased risk of the composite end point of intubation or death. Randomized, controlled trials of hydroxychloroquine in patients with Covid-19 are needed. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.)
Avec beaucoup de probité, les auteurs notent que les patients traités à l’hydroxychloroquine étaient en fait plus sévèrement touchés que les patients qui n’en avaient pas reçue. Comme il n’est pas dit depuis combien de temps les patients étaient malades, il se peut que la série traitée soit constituée de patients en train de rentrer dans la phase cytokinique, c’est-à-dire traités trop tardivement. En somme, on compare ce qui n’est pas comparable. En second lieu, les auteurs indiquent bien qu’il s’agit d’une étude observationnelle, et ce qu’ils disent est tout de même intéressant : il n’y a pas plus de morts dans la série traitée que dans la série non traitée, laquelle, je le rappelle est constituée de patients moins gravement atteints. Ils ne disent donc pas que l’hydroxychloroquine est inefficace, mais qu’il est nécessaire de faire des études randomisées.
Je vous ai déjà dit qu’une telle étude existe. J’en redonne ici le résumé.
Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial
Zhaowei Chen, , Jijia Hu, , Zongwei Zhang, Shan Jiang, Shoumeng Han, Dandan Yan, Ruhong Zhuang, Ben Hu and Zhan Zhang, Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430060, China.
Department II of Respiratory Disease and Intensive Care, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
Zhaowei Chen and Jijia Hu contributed equally to this work.
*Corresponding author:
Zhan Zhang, Department II of Respiratory Disease and Intensive Care, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Email: doctorzhang2003@163.com
Abstract
Aims: Studies have indicated that chloroquine (CQ) shows antagonism against COVID-19 in vitro. However, evidence regarding its effects in patients is limited. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
Main methods: From February 4 to February 28, 2020, 62 patients suffering from COVID-19 were diagnosed and admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. All participants were randomized in a parallel-group trial, 31 patients were assigned to receive an additional 5-day HCQ (400 mg/d) treatment, Time to clinical recovery (TTCR), clinical characteristics, and radiological results were assessed at baseline and 5 days after treatment to evaluate the effect of HCQ.
Key findings: For the 62 COVID-19 patients, 46.8% (29 of 62) were male and 53.2% (33 of 62) were female, the mean age was 44.7 (15.3) years. No difference in the age and sex distribution between the control group and the HCQ group. But for TTCR, the body temperature recovery time and the cough remission time were significantly shortened in the HCQ treatment group. Besides, a larger proportion of patients with improved pneumonia in the HCQ treatment group (80.6%, 25 of 31) compared with the control group (54.8%, 17 of 31). Notably, all 4 patients progressed to severe illness that occurred in the control group. However, there were 2 patients with mild adverse reactions in the HCQ treatment group.
Significance: Among patients with COVID-19, the use of HCQ could significantly shorten TTCR and promote the absorption of pneumonia.
Trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. The unique identifier: ChiCTR2000029559. Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pneumonia; Hydroxychloroquine
Je me demande si monsieur VEY a bien lu l’article de GELERIS et al. Je n’en suis pas bien sûr, et je me demande pourquoi le Figaro continue de jeter un doute sur les résultats du Pr RAOULT, dont la méthode est fort bien décrite et dont le succès exige qu’elle soit appliquée comme il le dit. Nous devrions être fiers, en tant que Français, d’avoir un médecin de cette envergure… Mais il a les cheveux longs, porte une bague à tête de mort, et se tamponne le coquillard avec une patte de langouste de ce que pensent ceux qui le critiquent. Il ne veut pas tomber dans ce piège et il a bien raison.
Ah, encore une chose. Après les premiers enthousiasmes concernant le Tocilizumab, claironnés dans le même journal, il semble que le soufflé enthousiastique soit très légèrement retombé. Résumons-nous : Gilead fera tout pour torpiller le traitement à l’hydroxychloroquine, et il trouvera des alliés dans tous les relais médiatiques de pouvoir.